Can the 2023 Volvo S60 make a U-turn?

Yes. Fits a 40 ft street.

37.1ft curb to curb

Street width, feet

Street 40 feet curb to curb.

2023 Volvo S60 B5 Core Dark Theme FWD. Top view, to scale.

2023 Volvo S60: turning circle by trim, 40 ft street
Trim	Circle, ft	Margin	One move
B5 Core Dark Theme FWD	37.1	+2.9 ft	Yes
B5 AWD Core Dark Theme	37.1	+2.9 ft	Yes
B5 Plus Dark Theme FWD	37.1	+2.9 ft	Yes
B5 AWD Plus Dark Theme	37.1	+2.9 ft	Yes
Recharge Plug-In Hybrid T8 eAWD PHEV Core Dark Theme AWD	37.1	+2.9 ft	Yes
T8 Recharge Core Dark Theme AWD	37.1	+2.9 ft	Yes
Recharge Plug-In Hybrid T8 eAWD PHEV Core Black Edition AWD	37.1	+2.9 ft	Yes
T8 Recharge Core Black Edition AWD	38.4	+1.6 ft	Yes
Recharge Plug-In Hybrid T8 eAWD PHEV Plus Dark Theme AWD	37.1	+2.9 ft	Yes
T8 Recharge Plus Dark Theme AWD	37.1	+2.9 ft	Yes
Recharge Plug-In Hybrid T8 eAWD PHEV Plus Black Edition AWD	37.1	+2.9 ft	Yes
T8 Recharge Plus Black Edition AWD	38.4	+1.6 ft	Yes
Recharge Plug-In Hybrid T8 eAWD PHEV Ultimate Bright Theme AWD	37.1	+2.9 ft	Yes
Recharge Plug-In Hybrid T8 eAWD PHEV Ultimate Dark Theme AWD	37.1	+2.9 ft	Yes
T8 Recharge Ultimate Bright Theme AWD	38.4	+1.6 ft	Yes
T8 Recharge Ultimate Dark Theme AWD	38.4	+1.6 ft	Yes
Recharge Plug-In Hybrid T8 eAWD PHEV Ultimate Black Edition AWD	37.1	+2.9 ft	Yes
T8 Recharge Ultimate Black Edition AWD	38.4	+1.6 ft	Yes
Recharge Plug-In Hybrid T8 eAWD PHEV Polestar Engineered AWD	37.1	+2.9 ft	Yes
T8 Polestar Engineered AWD	38.4	+1.6 ft	Yes

What this cannot tell you

Curb-to-curb turning circle as listed.

Mirrors and overhang need more room.